The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment
The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment
Create a study guide for your assigned psychotropic medication agents. Your study guide should be in the form of an outline with references, and you should incorporate visual elements such as concept maps, charts, diagrams, images, color coding, mnemonics, and/or flashcards. Be creative! It should not be in the format of an APA paper. Your guide should be informed by the FDA-approved and Evidenced-Based, Clinical Practice Guidelines Research but also supported by at least three other scholarly resources.
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Guideline of study guides:
https://www.usu.edu/academic-support/test/creating_study_guides
Title page
Description of the Psychopharmacological medication agent including brand and generic names and appropriate FDA indication uses
Any supporting, valid and reliable research for non-FDA uses
Drug classification
The medication mechanism of action
The medication pharmacokinetics
The medication pharmacodynamics
Mechanism of Action
Appropriate dosing, administration route, and any considerations for dosing alterations
Considerations of use and dosing in specific specialty populations to consider children, adolescents, elderly, pregnancy, suicidal behaviors, etc.
Definition of Half-life, why half-life is important, and the half-life for your assigned medication
Side effects/adverse reaction potentials
Contraindications for use including significant drug to drug interactions
Overdose Considerations
Diagnostics and labs monitoring
Comorbidities considerations
Legal and ethical considerations
Pertinent patient education considerations
Reference Page The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment
Description of the Psychopharmacological Medication Agent
| Brand name | Generic name | FDA indication Uses | Lurasidone |
| Latuda
|
Lurasidone hydrochloride | Treatment of schizophrenia
Treatment of bipolar depression (Gupta & Hoover, 2020).
|
Non-FDA Uses
- For treatment of irritability and disruptive mood symptoms related to an autism spectrum disorder
- Lurasidone has been used to manage irritability and mood symptoms because FDA approved drugs such as risperidone and Aripiprazole fail to cause desired response and patients refuse to continue on them due to development of undesired side effects (Gupta & Hoover, 2020)The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment.
Medication Pharmacodynamics
- Following absorption, Lurasidone undergoes hepatic metabolism via the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 3A4 (CYP3A4)
- Biotransformation pathways of Lurasidone – oxidative N-dealkylation, hydroxylation, and S-oxidation
Concept Map: Lurasidone
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Dosing
Appropriate Dosing – for adults use 40mg OD
- Do not exceed 80mg OD
- If used concurrently with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors, do not exceed 40mg OD
Route – orally with food
Considerations of Use
Use cautiously in:
- Geriatrics – increases risk for seizures
- Obstetrics – use in pregnancy if expected benefit outweighs potential risk to the growing fetus
- Lactation – consider breastfeeding if only potential benefit outweighs potential risk to the child
- Pediatrics – safety not established
Half-Life
The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the concentration of the drug in the body to be reduced by half. The half-life of a drug is important in pharmacology because it is a measure of how long the drug will remain active in the body. The half-life of a drug can also be used to predict how much of the drug will be left in the body after a certain amount of time has passed. The half-life of a drug can also be used to predict how likely it is that the patient will experience the effects of the drug. The half-life of a drug can be affected by many factors, including the dosage and composition of the drug, the patient’s age, and the environment in which the drug is being taken The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment.
Half-life of Lurasidone – 18 – 20 hours (Javed et al., 2019)
Action profile
| ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
| Per oral | Unknown | 1 – 3 hours (Blood Level) | 24 hours |
Chart 1: A CHART SHOWING THE PEAK (3 HOURS) AND HALF-LIFE OF LURASIODNE 40MG FOLLOWING ORAL ADMISNITRATION
Contraindications for Use
- Contraindicated in hypersensitivity
- Patients with agranulocytosis, leukopenia, anemia
Drug to Drug interactions
- Strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 enzyme system – avid concurrent use with drugs such as verapamil and ketoconazole that can increase lurasidone blood level and risk development of adverse reactions
- Strong inducers of CYP3A4 such as phenytoin and rifampin can reduce blood levels and overall effectiveness of lurasidone. Avoid concurrent use
- Moderate inhibitors of CYP3A4 such as Diltiazem; do not exceed Lurasidone dose over 40mg/day because they can increase blood levels
- CNS depressants such as opioids, alcohol, antihistamines, sedatives or hypnotics and antihistamines can increase sedation if used concurrently The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment.
Overdose Considerations
Use Trihexyphenidyl to control overdose symptoms
Diagnostics and Labs Monitoring
- Monitor patient’s orientation, mood, and behavior before and during treatment
- Assess for suicidal thoughts
- Monitor B.P and pulse frequently and adjust dose if hypotension occurs
- Laboratory – monitor for blood glucose periodically, therapy may increase serum prolactin levels (therapy may increase serum prolactin levels), Creatine phosphokinase (may be increased), cholesterol levels, CBC to rule out leukopenia, neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Comorbidities Considerations
- Renal impairment – do not exceed 40mg OD for adults with Creatinine clearance of 10mL/min to less than 50mL/min
- Hepatic impairment – limit dose to 40mg OD for adults with Child-Pugh Class B (significant functional compromise) and C (decompensated disease)The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment
Legal and Ethical Considerations
Patient Education
- Take mediation as directed
- Avoid alcohol, other CNS depressants and over-the counter medications unless advised by care provider
- Present for follow-up exams and monitoring sessions
- Report extrapyramidal effects to care provider
- Change position for sitting to standing of lying down to sitting slowly to minimize potential orthostatic hypotension
- Avoid driving or any activity that require alertness because the drug therapy may induce drowsiness and cognitive/motor impairment
- Report suicidal thoughts, worsening anxiety, new depression, panic attacks, and feeling of agitation, worse irritability and aggressive actions
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References
Azhar, Y., & Shaban, K. (2021). Lurasidone. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
Gupta, M., & Hoover, G., Jr (2020). Lurasidone an Effective Alternative for the Treatment of Irritability Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Cureus, 12(12), e12360. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12360
Javed, A., Arthur, H., Curtis, L., Hansen, L., & Pappa, S. (2019). Practical guidance on the use of lurasidone for the treatment of adults with schizophrenia. Neurology and therapy, 8(2), 215-230 The Psychopharmacological Medication Agent Assignment