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The African American And Colorectal Cancer Research Paper

The African American And Colorectal Cancer Research Paper

Beginning the research proposal (Instructions listed below). Components to include in paper:

A. The title
B. Introduction (including the problem statement)
C. A potential theoretical framework to underpin the study (use credited websites for theories and conceptual frameworks to place in/support paper)
D. A hypothesis and/or research question(s), statement of purpose, and problem statement
The assignment should be submitted in APA format. The submitted paper should be no more than 3 pages in length, excluding the title page and the reference page.

(Preference: Quantitative Study)

Topic: How do disparities and cultural concepts contribute to African Americans’ high incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer? The African American And Colorectal Cancer Research Paper

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Introduction

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent form of cancer that causes a significant number of deaths globally. Carethers and Doubeni (2020) determined in their research that there are significant disparities in CRC incidence and mortality rates among different racial and ethnic groups. The study revealed that African Americans have a higher rate of incidence and mortality from CRC compared to other racial groups in the United States. This proposed research aims to investigate the factors contributing to the high incidence and mortality rate of CRC among African Americans. The focus of this study will be the role of disparities and cultural concepts in the development and progression of CRC among African Americans.

Problem Statement

African Americans have a higher incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer compared to other racial groups in the United States. Despite numerous research studies, the underlying causes of this disparity are yet to be fully understood. This research aims to examine the role of disparities such as socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, and cultural concepts, in the development and progression of colorectal cancer among African Americans. Further, this study will seek to provide a deeper understanding of the factors leading to the high incidence and mortality rate of CRC among African Americans. Hopefully, this will help inform interventions to reduce the identified disparities and improve health outcomes in this population.

Potential Theoretical Framework

The theoretical framework will be based on the Social Ecological Model (SEM). Ewing et al. (2020) explained that the SEM model places emphasis on the interplay between individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels of influence on health outcomes. At the individual level, factors such as genetics, health behaviors, and access to healthcare contribute to the development of colorectal cancer (Martinez, Cozart & Wathington, 2019). On the interpersonal factors, Unger-Saldaña et al. (2020) have written that they play a role in the progression of the disease. Listed examples of interpersonal factors are discrimination and social support. Organizational factors impact the care quality received, including aspects such as cultural competence of care availability and healthcare facilities. Other community factors that Holowatyj, Perea and Lieu (2021) have discussed include poverty and limited access to health food. All these have the potential to contribute to the emergence of CRC. Finally, policy factors including the availability of affordable healthcare and funding for cancer research have a huge impact on the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer in African American communities. According to Watson et al. (2019)The African American And Colorectal Cancer Research Paper, SEM provides an all-inclusive framework for understanding the complex and multilevel factors that contribute to the high incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer among African American populations.

Hypothesis

African Americans have a higher incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer due to disparities and cultural concepts impacting their access to preventative care and screenings.

Research Questions

  1. What is the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer among African American individuals compared to other racial groups?
  2. What disparities and cultural concepts impact access to preventative care and screenings for African American individuals?
  • How do these disparities and cultural concepts contribute to the higher incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer among African American individuals?The African American And Colorectal Cancer Research Paper

Statement of Purpose

The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that contribute to the high incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer among African American. The goal of the proposed research is to understand the factors that contribute to the higher incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer among African Americans, and to develop interventions that address these disparities and improve outcomes. The results of this study will provide valuable insight into the impact of disparities and cultural concepts on health outcomes, and inform strategies to improve the health and well-being of the target population.

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References

Carethers, J. M., & Doubeni, C. A. (2020). Causes of socioeconomic disparities in colorectal cancer and intervention framework and strategies. Gastroenterology, 158(2), 354-367. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.10.029

Ewing, A. P., Baum, L., Roker, R., Bewa, M. J., Schneider, T., Parvanta, C. F., … & Martinez Tyson, D. (2020). The Early Impact of the Affordable Care Act upon Colorectal Cancer Screening Utilization in Florida. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 13(3), 3.

Holowatyj, A. N., Perea, J., & Lieu, C. H. (2021). Gut instinct: a call to study the biology of early-onset colorectal cancer disparities. Nature Reviews Cancer, 21(6), 339-340. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-021-00356-y

Martinez, M., Cozart, T., & Wathington, D. (2019, November). Assessing Colorectal Cancer Incidence Among Latinos Utilizing the Social Ecological Model for Action in Puerto Rico. In APHA’s 2019 Annual Meeting and Expo (Nov. 2-Nov. 6). APHA.

Unger-Saldaña, K., Saldaña-Tellez, M., Potter, M. B., Van Loon, K., Allen-Leigh, B., & Lajous, M. (2020). Barriers and facilitators for colorectal cancer screening in a low-income urban community in Mexico City. Implementation Science Communications, 1(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-020-00055-z

Watson, K. S., Hulbert, A., Henderson, V., Chukwudozie, I. B., Aponte-Soto, L., Lerner, L., … & Winn, R. A. (2019). Lung cancer screening and epigenetics in African Americans: the role of the socioecological framework. Frontiers in Oncology, 9, 87. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.00087 The African American And Colorectal Cancer Research Paper