Literature Evaluation Table - Online Nursing Essay

Literature Evaluation Table

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Change Topic: Reduction of Patient Readmission

Criteria	Article 1	Article 2	Article 3	Article 4
Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), andPermalink or Working Link to Access Article	Kripalani, Theobald, Anctil, and Vasilevskis, Annual Review of Medicine, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24160939	Lepin et al., JAMA Internal Medicine, https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/1868538	Steventon and Billing, BMJ Quality & Safety, https://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/26/10/782	Gupta and Fonarow, European Journal of Heart Failure, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29791084
Article Title and Year Published	Reducing Hospital Readmission Rates: Current Strategies and Future Directions (2014)Literature Evaluation Table.	Preventing 30-Day Hospital Readmissions (2014).	Preventing hospital readmissions: the importance of considering ‘impactibility,’ not just predicted risk (2017).	The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program-learning from failure of a healthcare policy (2018)
Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study	They hypothesize that the effectiveness of interventions on readmission rates depends on the number of components implemented. The study aims to examine the current strategies and future directions regarding hospital readmission rates. Literature Evaluation Table.	They hypothesize that reducing early (below 30 days) hospital readmissions is a policy priority that improves health care quality. The purpose of the study is to examine the efficacy of interventions as well as proposing the practical intervention measures.	The authors hypothesize that risk reduction and readmission rates minimization are possible. The purpose was to evaluate the different measures apart from the utilization of predictive risk strategies.	Hypothesis: heart failure is a leading cause of readmissions in the older patients but can be reduced through supportive approaches. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP).
Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)	The design is descriptive: it is a systematic survey of the critical factors that affect readmission rates.	Experimental design: it examines 42 trials.	Experimental; it surveys the effectiveness of predictive risk models.	Descriptive design: the research reviews the implementation of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program as well as its effectiveness.
Setting/Sample	The setting is an Academic hospital in Philadelphia. The sampled population includes community-dwelling elders with selected medical conditions and their caregivers.	Randomized trials: they assessed the impact of interventions on the unplanned or all-cause readmissions that take place within 30 days after a patient’s discharge.	Published models that target all unplanned readmissions.	Randomized review of the facilities using the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP).
Methods: Intervention/Instruments	A systematic survey of the current scenario and factors of change.	Data search through PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO CINAL, and Scopus	Descriptive survey of predictive risk models	Assessment of independent reports
Analysis	Qualitative analysis	Quantitative	Qualitative	Qualitative
Key Findings	Readmission rates are a perfect way of assessing the quality of care Literature Evaluation Table	Patients recently discharged experience severe physiologic and psychological vulnerability: they have a real problem with self-care enactment.	The problem of readmission is manageable with proper discharge follow-up activities.	Implementation of a Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program reduces readmissions, heart failure for those aged ≥65 years, and mortality outcomes.
Recommendations	Healthcare setups should apply a multi-component strategy to overcome healthcare challenges. They should address areas such as patients’ needs assessment and patient education.	Literature Evaluation Table Intensify measures for helping the recently discharged patients.	There is a need to incorporate more multimodal policies, involve different components, and use multiple healthcare practitioners.	There is a need to financially penalize hospitals with higher than average 30-day risk-standardized readmission rates RSRRs.
Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone Project	Its information is vital in depicting readmission as a sign of inefficient healthcare.	The information is essential in showing the statistics of readmissions and how time affects efficiency: both areas are a crucial part of the research.	The article shows the need to intervene and reduce readmission due to its cost implications. The capstone project examines this area as well.	Gupta and Fonarow (2018) show the exact role of nurses in post-discharge care, which is a significant part of the capstone project too.

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Criteria	Article 5	Article 6	Article 7	Article 8
Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), andPermalink or Working Link to Access Article	Dizon and Reinking, Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29024460	Cosgrove et al., Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, https://www.heartandlung.org/article/S0147-9563(13)00351-8/fulltext	Adib-hajbaghery, Maghaminejad, and Abbasi, Journal of Caring Sciences, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25276734	Nelson and Rosenthal, American Nurse Today, https://www.americannursetoday.com/nurses-can-help-reduce-hospital-readmissions/
Article Title and Year Published	Reducing Readmissions: Nurse-Driven Interventions in the Transition of Care from the Hospital (2017).	The role of The Heart Failure Bridge Center Infusion Program on reducing all Cause 30 day Readmission Rate in patients with Advanced Heart Failure. Heart & Lung (2013).	The role of continuous care in reducing readmission for patients with heart failure (2013).	How nurses can help reduce hospital readmissions (2015).
Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study	Which are the risk factors that impede the transition of care? The study aimed at describing and measuring the effects of a multifaceted transition of care (TOC) program.	Hypothesis: Infusion therapy can help in the reduction of heart failure (HF) problems. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of outpatient IV diuresis in achieving freedom of HF symptoms.	Hypothesis: supportive programs can help to reduce post-discharge hospital readmissions.The purpose was to evaluate the effect of post-discharge follow-up on readmission of patients suffering from heart failure (HF).	What is the cause of the high rate of Medicaid patients’ readmission? The study aims to examine the various ways of risk mitigation towards the minimization of readmissions.
Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)	Experimental Literature Evaluation Table	Experimental: piloted functional status of clinical patients	Experimental: it reviews 21 cases.	Descriptive: checks on the post discharge nursing interventions
Setting/Sample	A 441-bed acute care community hospital	Patients with heart failure problems	Sample: 21 clinical trials.	Project Boost analysis
Methods: Intervention/Instruments	Pre-post TOC intervention	Clinical survey Literature Evaluation Table	Internet search: (Science direct, Pubmed, Iranmedex, SID).	Situation overview
Analysis	Quantitative	Qualitative	Quantitative: it provides statistical data	Qualitative
Key Findings	Hospital-wide readmission rates reduce during planning, implementation, and during intervention with the use of proper hospital programs.	Outpatient IV diuresis can help in reducing heart failure problems, leading to lower readmissions.	Patient education and continuous post-discharge follow up interventions play a vital role in reducing readmission rates.	Nursing interventions play a critical role in the reduction of readmission rates.
Recommendations	Intensify TOC from hospital support measures	Enhance continuous infusion of intravenous (IV) diuretics in the management decompensated HF	Intensify patient education	Intensify post-discharge nursing interventions
Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone	Examines the impact of pre-post TOC intervention: the capstone project looks at the factors that affect discharge rates and readmissions in significant details.	The article affirms that readmissions can be reduced through practical programs: this is the focus of the capstone project.	It gives the statistical data of the heart failure readmissions taking place monthly.	Assesses the necessary mechanisms to halt the readmission cycle.

Articles’ Summaries

Gupta, A., & Fonarow, G. (2018). The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program-learning from failure of a healthcare policy. European Journal of Heart Failure, 20(8), 1169-1174. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1212

Gupta and Fonarow (2018) show the exact role of nurses in post-discharge care. Therefore, they confirm that the problem of readmission is manageable with proper discharge follow-up activities. The only weakness is that it shows the entire issue as nurses’ failure, which is not the case. It has sufficient evidence regarding the role of nurses, particularly in communication and planning. Literature Evaluation Table.

Harrison, P., Hara, P., Pope, J., Young, M., & Rula, E. (2011). The Impact of Postdischarge Telephonic Follow-Up on Hospital Readmissions. Population Health Management, 14(1), 27-32. doi: 10.1089/pop.2009.0076Literature Evaluation Table

This article justifiably depicts high readmission rates as a detriment to the overall quality of care. Harrison et al. (2011) illustrate the effects of readmission as highly adverse, which prompt for immediate interventions. However, the article isn’t explicit on the specific intervention mechanisms. All in all, it will be vital in depicting the need to intervene due to the evident problematic nature of readmissions mainly when they are frequent. Literature Evaluation Table.

Kripalani, S., Theobald, C., Anctil, B., & Vasilevskis, E. (2014). Reducing Hospital Readmission Rates: Current Strategies and Future Directions. Annual Review of Medicine, 65(1), 471- 485. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-022613-090415

A notable strength of this article is that it cements the idea that readmission rates are a perfect way of assessing the quality of care. In spite of that, it doesn’t indicate the exact areas and statistics to prove the same. Its information will be vital in depicting readmission as a sign of inefficient healthcare.

Leppin, A., Gionfriddo, M., Kessler, M., Brito, J., Mair, F., & Gallacher, K. et al. (2014). Preventing 30-Day Hospital Readmissions. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(7), 1095. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.1608

Regarding the strengths, the article is very clear about the rates of readmission (one in every five beneficiaries) within a month after discharge. However, it is not explicit on the strategies that healthcare institutions should apply to reduce patient readmission. Indeed, the article will be instrumental in showing the statistics of readmissions, which is a crucial part of the research. Literature Evaluation Table.

Nelson, J., & Rosenthal, L. (2015). How nurses can help reduce hospital readmissions. American Nurse Today, 10(5), 1-10.

The authors precisely depict the current scenario as one requiring intervention: this is the focus of the research. However, the article only shows the role of the nurses in discharge planning but overlook the vital part of patients, family, and policymakers. From its info, it will provide crucial information about the roles of nurses, and this is a significant part of the research’s objective.

Steventon, A., & Billings, J. (2017). Preventing hospital readmissions: the importance of considering ‘impactibility,’ not just predicted risk. BMJ Quality & Safety, 26(10), 782- 785. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2017-006629

Steventon and Billings (2017) analyze the various countries leading in readmission rates. A notable strength of the article is that it shows the need to intervene and reduce readmission due to its cost implications. In spite of that, it fails to connect the relationship between developed healthcare systems and high readmission rates: this might affect the evidence required to support the research claims. Literature Evaluation Table.