Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Nursing Assignment Paper

Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Nursing Assignment Paper

Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA)

Cerebro-vascular accident

Introduction

Cerebrovascular accident or CVA as it is commonly called is defined as the unforeseen death of some of the cells of the brain because of lack of the supply of oxygen to the brain. This occurs when the flood flow to the brain is hindered by blockage or some rupture of an artery going to the brain another common term used to denote a cerebro vascular accident (CVA) is stroke.Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Nursing Assignment Paper

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The most common symtoms of a cerebro vascular accident vary depending upon the area of the brain affected. The commonly presenting symptoms of a stroke are weakness and/or paralysis of any one side of the body with either partial or complete loss of wilful movement or sensation in the arm or leg or both. Other associated problems can be speech difficulties and weakness of facial muscles which causes drooling. Tingling sensations and numbness of the limbs is a common occurrence. Cerebrovascular accidents which involve the base of brain can cause imbalance, visual imparity, trouble in swallowing, breathing difficulties and loss of consciousness.Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Nursing Assignment Paper

Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Patho-physiology

A cerebrovascular accident or stroke can be classified into two broad categories-

  1. Ischemic stoke
  2. Haemorrhagic stroke

Ischaemic stroke

When a blood vessel like an artery supplying to the brain is hindered by a blood clot resulting in obstruction of the blood flow to the brain, ischemic stroke is said to have occurred. This occurs in two ways. One, called as a thrombotic stroke, occurs in an artery that has already narrowed. A clot may form in this artery causing stroke.this accounts for 80% of all cases of cerebro vascular accidents.Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Nursing Assignment Paper

Second, called as an embolic stroke or central embolism occurs when a clot breaks off from another part of the body and travels thrugh the circulation to reach the brain. 10-15% of people diagnosed with CVA fall under this category.

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Causes and Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) Nursing Assignment Paper