Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment

Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501

NURS 6501 Week 3 Discussion: Pain

The neurological system affects all parts and functions of the body through nerve stimulation. Nerves also control the sensation and perception of pain.While pain can be described in a variety of ways, it is essentially labeled according to its duration and source. As an advanced practice nurse evaluating a patient, you need to consider the following questions: Does the pain quickly come and go, or is it persistent and ongoing? Does the pain arise at the source of injury or in another location? In this Discussion, you compare three common types of pain—acute, chronic, and referred.

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To prepare FOR NURS 6501 Week 3:

Review this week’s media presentation on the neurological system, as well as Chapter 13 in the Huether and McCance text.
Identify the pathophysiology of acute, chronic, and referred pain. Consider the similarities and differences between these three types of pain. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.j
Select two of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factors you selected might impact the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prescription of treatment for acute, chronic, and referred pain.

By Day 3 OF NURS 6501 Week 3

Post a description of the pathophysiology of acute, chronic, and referred pain, including similarities and differences between them. Then, explain how the factors you selected might impact the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prescription of treatment for acute, chronic, and referred pain.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected different factors than you, in the following ways:

Share insights on how your colleague’s factors impact the pathophysiology of pain.
Suggest alternative diagnoses and treatment options for acute, chronic, and referred pain. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

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NURS 6501 Week 3 Quiz 3 Answers (Walden)

A 16-year-old male took a recreational drug that altered his level of arousal. Physical exam revealed a negative Babinski sign, equal and reactive pupils, and roving eye movements. Which of the following diagnosis will the nurse most likely see on the chart?
A 15-year-old male was struck by a motor vehicle and suffered a traumatic brain injury. Paramedics found him unconscious at the scene of the accident. During the ambulance ride, he regained consciousness and was able to maintain a conversation with the medical staff. Upon arrival to hospital, he was alert and oriented. Physical exam reveals confusion and impaired responsiveness. What is the probable nature of his brain injury based on this history?
A patient with an addiction to alcohol checked into a rehabilitation center. He experiences delirium, inability to concentrate, and is easily distracted. From which of the following is he most likely suffering?
A 33-year-old male is brought to the ER for treatment of injuries received in a motor vehicle accident. An MRI reveals an injury of the cervical cord. Cord swelling in this region may be life threatening because:
Which system modulates a patient’s perception of pain?
A 20-year-old male suffers a severe closed head injury in a motor vehicle accident. He remains in a vegetative state (VS) 1 month after the accident. Which of the following structures is most likely keeping the patient alive?
A 20-year-old male was at the supermarket when he fell to the ground. Bystanders reported that he lost consciousness and his body tensed up then relaxed, then tensed and relaxed several times. He most likely was experiencing a(n):
A 65-year-old male recently suffered a cerebral vascular accident. He is now unable to recognize and identify objects by touch because of injury to the sensory cortex. How should the nurse document this finding?
A patient has memory loss of events that occurred before a head injury. What cognitive disorder does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?
Parents of a 3-month-old infant bring him to the emergency room (ER) after he has had a seizure. He has muscle rigidity, and the parents report they are of Jewish ancestry. For what genetic disease should this infant be screened?
Which finding indicates the patient is having complications from heat stroke?
A teenage boy sustains a severe closed head injury following an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accident. He is in a state of deep sleep that requires vigorous stimulation to elicit eye opening. How should the nurse document this in the chart?
A 60-year-old female with a recent history of head trauma and a long-term history of hypertension presents to the ER for changes in mental status. MRI reveals that she had a hemorrhagic stroke. What does the nurse suspect caused this type of stroke?
The nursing student would correctly identify the most common symptom of brain abscess as:
A 50-year-old male suffers a severe head injury when his motorcycle hits a tree. His breathing becomes deep and rapid but with normal pattern. What term should the nurse use for this condition?
An older adult is admitted to the ER following a fall. The patient complains of pain in the back. The patient has a history of osteoporosis. The nurse would expect the patient’s injury and subsequent pain is most likely due to:
A nurse should document on the chart that chronic pain is occurring when the patient reports the pain has lasted longer than:
A 40-year-old male complains of uncontrolled excessive movement and progressive dysfunction of intellectual and thought processes. He is experiencing movement problems that begin in the face and arms that eventually affect the entire body. The most likely diagnosis is:
An initial assessment finding associated with acute spinal cord injury is _____ the injury.
A 69-year-old male with a history of alcohol abuse presents to the emergency room (ER) after a month-long episode of headaches and confusion. Based on his alcoholism, a likely cause of his neurologic symptoms is:
A 72-year-old male demonstrates left-sided weakness of upper and lower extremities. The symptoms lasted 24 hours and resolve with no evidence of infarction. The patient most likely experienced a(n):
A child presents to his primary care provider with disorientation, delirium, aggressiveness, and stupor. His parents report that he was recently ill with an upper respiratory infection, which they treated with aspirin. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A 23-year-old female begins having problems with tiredness, weakness, and visual changes. Her diagnosis is multiple sclerosis (MS). What is occurring in the patient’s body?
When a patient has a peculiar sensation that immediately precedes a seizure, what term should the nurse use to describe this sensation?
A 15-month-old child from Pennsylvania was brought to the ER for fever, seizure activity, cranial palsies, and paralysis. Which of the following diagnosis will be documented in the chart?

NURS 6501 Week 4 Discussion: Cardiovascular Disorders

Veins and arteries are vital elements of the cardiovascular system. They carry the blood supply through the body and are essential for proper function.Sometimes veins and arteries malfunction, resulting in cardiovascular disorders. Malfunctions of arteries and veins are similar to malfunctions of a water hose. Consider the structure and function of a hose. A tap releases water, which then travels through the hose and comes out the other end. If the hose has been dormant for several months, dirt and rusty particles might build up inside, resulting in a restricted flow of water. Similarly, buildup of plaque inside the coronary arteries restricts blood flow and leads to disorders such as coronary heart disease. This disease is one of the most common cardiovascular disorders, and according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (2011), is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. In this Discussion, you examine the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders such as coronary heart disease. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

To prepare:

Review this week’s media presentation on alterations of cardiovascular functions, as well as Chapter 23 in the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders.
Select one patient factor: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Consider how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders.
Select one of the following alterations of cardiovascular disorders: peripheral arterial disease, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, or dysrhythmia. Think about how hypertension or dyslipidemia can lead to the alteration you selected.

By Day 3

Post a description of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders, including how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology. Then, explain how hypertension or dyslipidemia can lead to the alteration you selected for patients with the factor you identified
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

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By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected different alterations and factors than you, in one or more of the following ways:

Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the cardiovascular alteration your colleague selected.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

NURS 6501 Week 3 Reference:

National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. (2011). What is coronary heart disease? Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cad/

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NURS 6501 Week 4 Assignment: Application: Disorders of the Veins and Arteries

Advanced practice nurses often treat patients with vein and artery disorders such as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). While the symptoms of both disorders are noticeable, these symptoms are sometimes mistaken for signs of other conditions, making the disorders difficult to diagnose. Nurses must examine all symptoms and rule out other potential disorders before diagnosing and prescribing treatment for patients. In this Assignment, you explore the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of CVI and DVT. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

To prepare:

· Review the section “Diseases of the Veins” (pp. 585–587) in Chapter 23 of the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis. Consider the similarities and differences between these disorders.
· Select a patient factor different from the one you selected in this week’s Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Think about how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of CVI and DVT. Reflect on how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.
· Review the “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct two mind maps—one for chronic venous insufficiency and one for venous thrombosis. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of both chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis.

To complete:

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

Compare the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis. Describe how venous thrombosis is different from arterial thrombosis.
Explain how the patient factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of CVI and DVT. Describe how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.
Construct two mind maps—one for chronic venous insufficiency and one for deep venous thrombosis. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment you explained in your paper.

Course Resources

a. Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012). Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

Chapter 22, “Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems” . This chapter examines the circulatory system, heart, systemic circulation, and lymphatic system to establish a foundation for normal cardiovascular function. It focuses on the structure and function of various parts of the circulatory system to illustrate normal blood flow.
Chapter 23, “Alterations of Cardiovascular Function”. This chapter presents the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and treatment of various cardiovascular disorders. It focuses on diseases of the veins and arteries, disorders of the heart wall, heart disease, and shock. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.
Chapter 24, “Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children”. This chapter examines cardiovascular disorders that affect children. It distinguishes congenital heart disease from acquired cardiovascular disorders.

b. McPhee, S. J., & Hammer, G. D. (2010). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical.

Chapter 11, “Cardiovascular Disorders: Vascular Disease”. This chapter begins with an overview of the vascular component of the cardiovascular system and how the cardiovascular system is normally regulated. It then describes three common vascular disorders: atherosclerosis, hypertension, and shock.
Media

c. Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012a). Alterations of cardiovascular functions PPT lecture. Baltimore, MD: Author. This media presentation outlines common alterations of cardiovascular function, including disorders of the veins and arteries.

NURS 6501 Week 3 Optional Resources

American Heart Association. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/
Million Hearts. (2012). Retrieved from http://millionhearts.hhs.gov/index.html
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/

NURS 6501 Week 5 Discussion Question 1

NURS 6501 Week 5 DQ1: Cardiovascular Disorders

At least once a year, the media report on a seemingly healthy teenage athlete collapsing during a sports game and dying of heart complications. These incidents continue to outline the importance of physical exams and health screenings for teenagers, especially those who play sports. During these health screenings, examiners check for cardiovascular alterations such as heart murmurs because they can be a sign of an underlying heart disorder. Since many heart alterations rarely have symptoms, they are easy to miss if health professionals are not specifically looking for them. Once cardiovascular alterations are identified in patients, it is important to refer them to specialists who can further investigate the cause. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

Consider the following scenario:

A 16-year-old male presents for a sports participation examination. He has no significant medical history and no family history suggestive of risk for premature cardiac death. The patient is examined while sitting slightly recumbent on the exam table and the advanced practice nurse appreciates a grade II/VI systolic murmur heard loudest at the apex of the heart. Other physical findings are within normal limits, the patient denies any cardiovascular symptoms, and a neuromuscular examination is within normal limits. He is cleared with no activity restriction. Later in the season he collapses on the field and dies.

To prepare:

Review the scenario provided, as well as Chapter 24 in the Huether and McCance text. Consider how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment for the patient.
Select one of the following patient factors: genetics, ethnicity, or behavior. Reflect on how the factor you selected might impact diagnosis and prescription of treatment for the patient in the scenario.

By Day 3

Post a description of how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment for the patient in the scenario. Then explain how the factor you selected might impact the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for that patient.
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 5

Respond to at least two of your colleagues who selected a different factor than you, in one of the following ways:

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
Share insights based on your own experience and additional research. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

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NURS 6501 Week 5 Discussion Question 2: Anaphylactic Shock

The treatment of anaphylactic shock varies depending on a patient’s physiological response to the alteration. Immediate medical intervention and emergency room visits are vital for some patients, while others can be treated through basic outpatient care.

Consider the January 2012 report of a 6-year-old girl who went to her school nurse complaining of hives and shortness of breath. Since the school did not have any medication under her name to use for treatment and was not equipped to handle her condition, she was sent to an emergency room where she was pronounced dead. This situation has raised numerous questions about the progression of allergic reactions, how to treat students with severe allergies, how to treat students who develop allergic reactions for the first time, and the availability of epinephrine in schools. If you were the nurse at the girl’s school, how would you have handled the situation? How do you know when it is appropriate to treat patients yourself and when to refer them to emergency care?

To prepare:

Review “Anaphylactic Shock” in Chapter 23 of the Huether and McCance text, “Distributive Shock” in Chapter 10 of the McPhee and Hammer text, and the Jacobsen and Gratton article in the Learning Resources.
Identify the multisystem physiologic progression that occurs in anaphylactic shock. Think about how these multisystem events can occur in a very short period of time.
Consider when you should refer patients to emergency care versus treating as an outpatient.
Select two patient factors different from the one you selected in this week’s first Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factors you selected might impact the process of anaphylactic shock.

By Day 4

Post an explanation of the physiological progression that occurs in anaphylactic shock. Then, describe the circumstances under which you would refer patients for emergency care versus treating as an outpatient. Finally, explain how the patient factors you selected might impact the process of anaphylactic shock. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues who selected at least one different factor than you in one of the following ways:

Share insights on how the factor your colleague selected impacts the pathophysiology of anaphylactic shock.
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.
Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

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Reference:

Moisse, K. (2012). Death of allergic student raises questions about school’s responsibility. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Health/AllergiesFood/year-virginia-girl-dies-allergic-reaction-school/story?id=15295949#.T7qD0sWPRBk

NURS 6501 week 10 Assignment

Walden University M.S. in Nursing

Formative Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal Papers

Categories and Criteria

Points

QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED – 35 Possible Points

1. The extent to which work meets the assigned criteria and work reflects graduate level critical and analytic thinking (0-30 Points)

Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the assignment topics. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

25-30

Assignment meets expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 50% containing good breadth and depth about each of the assignment topics.

20-24

Assignment meets most of the expectations. One required topic is either not addressed or inadequately addressed.

16-19

Assignment superficially meets some of the expectations. Two or more required topics are either not addressed or inadequately addressed.

0-15

2. Purpose of the paper is clear (0-5 Points)

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.

Purpose of the assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.

Purpose of the assignment is vague.

1-3

No purpose statement was provided.

ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS – 50 Possible Points

The extent to which the work reflects the student’s ability to-

1. Understand and interpret the assignment’s key concepts (0-10 Points)

Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

9-10

Demonstrates a clear understanding of key concepts.

Shows some degree of understanding of key concepts.

5-7

Shows a lack of understanding of key concepts, deviates from topics.

0-4

2. Apply and integrate material in course resources (i.e. video, required readings, and textbook) and credible outside resources (0-20 Points)

Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3-4 course resources to support point of view.

15-20

Integrates specific information from 1 credible outside resource and 3 to 4 course resources to support major points and point of view.

10-14

Minimally includes and integrates specific information from 2-3 resources to support major points and point of view.

3-9

Includes and integrates specific information from 0 to 1 resource to support major points and point of view.

0-2

3. Synthesize (combines various components or different ideas into a new whole) material in course resources (i.e. video, required readings, and textbook) by comparing different points of view and highlighting similarities, differences, and connections. (0-20 Points)

Synthesizes and justifies (defends, explains, validates, confirms) information gleaned from sources to support major points presented. Applies meaning to the field of advanced nursing practice. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

18-20

Summarizes information gleaned from sources to support major points, but does not synthesize.

16-17

Identifies but does not interpret or apply concepts, and/or strategies correctly; ideas unclear and/or underdeveloped.

14-15

Rarely or does not interpret, apply, and synthesize concepts, and/or strategies.

0-13

WRITTEN EXPRESSION AND FORMATTING – 15 Possible Points

1. Paragraph and Sentence Structure: Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are clearly structured and carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. (0-5 Points). Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards.

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards 80% of the time.

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards 70% of the time.

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards < 70% of the time.

0-2

2. English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation (0-5 Points)

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

Contains a few (1-2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

Contains several (3-4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.

0-2

3. The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list (0-5 Points)

Uses correct APA format with no errors.

Contains a few (1-2) APA format errors.

Contains several (3-4) APA format errors.

Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.

0-2

Total Points for Assignment:

Please copy and paste this rubric table at the end of all Application Assignments in order for your assignment to be graded. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.

Guidance for Application Assignments:

Application Assignments require a title page, introduction, body of the paper, conclusion, and reference page. The title page needs to follows APA style and includes a title, student name, course number and section, and date. An abstract is not required. APA style headings are to be used appropriately to separate and organize sections of the paper. The use of direct quotes is discouraged and should only be used when the source material uses language that is particularly striking or notable. The introduction should provide an overview of the topic, the purpose of the paper, and topics that will be addressed. The body of the paper needs to address all required topics. The conclusion ought to provide closure for the reader, synthesize the content, and tie everything together to help clarify the main points of the paper. The reference page should include all references cited in the assignment in correct APA format. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501. Some course assignments may require the use of more than 2 credible outside resources. In these cases, the minimum outside sources specified in the instructions for the assignment will be applied in the grading of these course assignments. Credible sources include scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles, evidence based resources, and professional (.org), educational (.edu), and government websites (.gov). Commercial websites (.com) are not considered credible sources. Please note: When selecting articles for course assignments, you are advised (unless you are referencing seminal information) to focus on work published within the past five years.

Late Policies:

Assignments submitted late without prior agreement of the Instructor, outside of an emergency absence, or in violation of agreements for late submission, will receive a grade reduction for the Assignment amounting to a 20% point loss. After 5 days, the Assignment will not be graded. Students should be aware that late Assignments may not receive the same level of written feedback as do Assignments submitted on time. Cardiovascular Disorders, Pain and Anaphylactic Shock Essay Assignment discussion papers NURS 6501.