Addiction and Theories Research Paper

Addiction and Theories Research Paper

What is your favorite theory(s) of Addiction? Addiction and Theories Research Paper

Why do people become addicted to alcohol, tobacco and other drugs (ATOD)?

Write a definition of addiction/dependency:

Nature of addiction/dependency – etiology: what happens to a person who is addicted/dependent on ATOD (See also chapter 1 “Drug Dependence” and “Stages of Drug Dependence”; Chapter 2 “The vicious Cycle of Drug Addiction)Addiction and Theories Research Paper

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Bio-Psycho-Social Model: write your favorite explanations of why someone might become addicted to AOD, based on specific theories in each of the following categories

Biological causes/factors of addiction/dependency

Psychological causes/factors of addiction/dependency

Social causes/factors of addiction/dependency

The Biopsychosocial Approach 

• Biological, psychological, and social factors exist along a continuum of natural systems, as depicted in the list here.

• Systematic consideration of psychological and social factors requires application of relevant social sciences, just as consideration of biological factors requires application of relevant natural sciences. Addiction and Theories Research Paper Therefore, both the natural and social sciences are ‘basic’ to medical practice. In other words, psychological and social factors are not merely epiphenomena: they can be understood in scientific ways at their own levels as well as in regard to their biological correlates.

• Humanistic qualities are highly valued complements to the biopsychosocial approach, which involves the application of the scientific method to diverse biological, psychological, and social phenomena as related to human health.

 

• While the biomedical approach takes the reductionistic view that all phenomena are best understood at the lowest level of natural systems (e.g., cellular or molecular), the biopsychosocial approach recognizes that different clinical scenarios may be most usefully understood scientifically at several levels of the natural systems continuum.

To apply the biopsychosocial approach to clinical practice, the clinician should: Addiction and Theories Research Paper

• Recognize that relationships are central to providing health care

• Use self-awareness as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool

• Elicit the patient’s history in the context of life circumstances

• Decide which aspects of biological, psychological, and social domains are most important to understanding and promoting the patient’s health

• Provide multidimensional treatment

The Biopsychosocial Approach Addiction and Theories Research Paper

REFERENCES

Engel GL: The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science 1977;196:129-136.

Engel GL: The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model. Am J Psychiatry 1980;137:535-544.

Frankel RM, Quill TE, McDaniel SH (Eds.): The Biopsychosocial Approach: Past, Present, Future.University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY, 2003.

Borrell-Carrió F, Suchman AL, Epstein RM: The biopsychosocial model 25 years later: principles, practice, and scientific inquiry. Ann Fam Med 2004;2:576-582.

Cohen J, Brown Clark S: John Romano and George Engel: Their Lives and Work.University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY, and Boydell and Brewer Limited, Suffolk UK, 2010.Addiction and Theories Research Paper