NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment
NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment
Pulmonary instruction
Preparing the Assignment
Follow these guidelines when completing each component of the assignment. Contact your course faculty if you have questions.
Download and complete the Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Template (Links to an external site.) addressing the following:
1. Review the scenarios provided in an announcement by course faculty. For each scenario:
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a. Use the information provided to determine if the results indicate an obstructive, restrictive, or mixed pattern of deficit.
b. Determine whether the pattern is reversible or non-reversible. Grade the severity of the disorder using the 2022 GOLD guidelines (Links to an external site.) as appropriate.
c. Provide the most likely diagnosis for the client.
2. List one treatment strategy including rationale for each client.
3. Include a scholarly source in your rationale. The same scholarly source may be used to support each scenario if relevant. Include a matching reference for each citation using the current APA Style. NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment
Name:
Scenario 1:
| Questions | Answers |
| Interpretation of results | The 50 year –old male presents with a productive cough in the morning, a nonsmoker who has been working in a chemical factory for the past 25 years, with spirometry findings of FEV1/FVC 68 %, FEV 85%. FVC of 85% indicates that she has marked a decrease in the FEV/FVC ratio of the predicted value. The FEV/FVC of 68% is a lower limit generally defined as 80% of the predicted value of a normal patient (Ponce & Sharma, 2021). A decreased FEV1/FVC is consistent with the analysis of obstructive lung disease characterized by airflow obstruction. The FEV and FVC lie greater than 80% of a standard spirometry value. The possible cause of the airflow obstruction may result from the gases produced by the chemical factory. The flow loop of the above scenario will show abnormalities consistent with obstructive lung disease. Further evaluation of the lung volumes will reveal further the extent of the lung disease. NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment
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| Interpretation of reversibility/GOLD severity grading | According to the Gold severity grading, the above spirometry findings indicate moderate obstructive lung disease. FEV1/FVC OF 68% lies between 50% -80%, categorized as moderate obstructive lung disease per the Gold severity grading system. Moderate obstructive lung disease is generally considered reversible since the obstruction can be resolved with treatment, while some cases resolve spontaneously.
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| Most likely diagnosis |
The most likely medical diagnosis is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Association of the patient with chemical factory may have resulted in emphysema. The substances may have gotten into the fragile alveoli causing impairment in the flow of air. NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment
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| Treatment strategy with rationale |
The preferred treatment strategy for the above case scenario is to utilize oral corticosteroids such as prednisolone. Prednisolone inhibits inflammation by reversing increased capillary permeability.
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Scenario 2:
| Questions | Answers |
| Interpretation of results | The findings of the case scenarios have a normal FEV1 and FVC and a preserved FEV1/FVC ratio. The above presentation does not provide evidence of either combined obstructive or restrictive disorders. The findings are above normal ranges; the FEV1, FVC, AND FEV/FVC are above 80%. DLCO should be ruled to determine reduced capillary interface. The presenting features such as shortness of breath and coughing when running that are relieved within 20-30 minutes on their own indicate underlying induced bronchoconstriction. The 16-year male exhibits activity-induced bronchoconstriction that is not life strengthening, and the spirometry findings are within the average values despite post-bronchodilator. The allergic reaction exhibited triggers bronchoconstriction but resolved on its own. NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment
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| Interpretation of reversibility/GOLD severity grading | The findings reveal mild activity-induced bronchoconstriction since the three values are within the normal range of the spirometry reading. The condition is reversible by either taking a rest for something or using short-acting bronchodilators to keep the airway open.
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| Most likely diagnosis |
The most likely diagnosis for the above spirometry findings is activity-induced bronchoconstriction. Activity-induced bronchoconstriction is the narrowing of the airways in the lungs triggered by strenuous exercises. It causes dyspnea and coughing symptoms during and after the exercises. The condition can be relieved after having a rest. |
| Treatment strategy with rationale | Use of short-acting bronchodilators such as Ventolin and albuterol. These medications open the narrowing airways by letting more air in and out of the lungs.
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| Questions | Answers |
| Interpretation of results |
A 45-year-old male presenting with recent onset of shortness of breath with exertion and night time cough with a history of childhood rhinitis and asthma which he thought he grew out of, demonstrated marked deviations of the findings according to the spirometry. FEV1/FVC OF 63% and FEV of 69% with preserved FVC of 85% indicate a marked decrease from the standard range value. The marked decrease in FEV1/FVC and FEV of 69 % is consistent with combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease (Delclaux, 2019)NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment. The patients’ findings typically demonstrate a person with both obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. The findings above post bronchodilation certainly place the above spirometry finding under combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease. Reduction in the FEV1 reflects a reduction in maximum inflation of the lungs, obstruction of the airway, and weakening of the respiratory muscle. A decrease in FEV1/FCV and FEV1 may be secondary to bronchospasm. The paints, however, trigger bronchoconstriction ad irritation of the nasal mucosa.
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| Interpretation of reversibility/GOLD severity grading |
As per the Gold severity grading, the above findings are classified under moderate obstructive-restrictive lung diseases. The findings are classified as moderate since they lie between the value of 8O% and 50% of the standard predicted value. The condition presented by the above spirometry findings cannot be reversed; it is alleviated and relieved by treatment. ORDER HERE
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| Most likely diagnosis | The most likely diagnosis characterized marked decrease in FEV1/FVC, and FVC is asthma. The hyper-responsiveness of the airway characterizes asthma.
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| Treatment strategy with rationale |
Short-acting beta2 agonists such as Ventolin act as a quick relive in asthmatics. Short-acting beta2 agonists are bronchodilators that act by relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways that carry air to the lungs. (Barnes & Drazen, 2002) Thus increasing airflow and preventing the inability to breathe the individual. Beta2-agonist also relax the airway smooth muscles by triggering beta-adrenergic receptors, which increase cyclic AMP and antagonize the mechanism of bronchoconstriction.
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References
Barnes, P. J., & Drazen, J. M. (2002). Pathophysiology of asthma. Asthma and COPD, 343-359.
Delclaux, C. (2019). No need for pulmonologists to interpret pulmonary function tests. European Respiratory Journal, 54(1).
Ponce, M. C., & Sharma, S. (2021). Pulmonary function tests. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing NR601 Pulmonary Function Test Worksheet Assignment