Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion

Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex, significant, and prevalent lifestyle disease condition but preventable. With the advent of manufactured products in the market, poor eating habits, and consequent adoption of a sedentary lifestyle, there has been an unprecedented explosion of type 2 diabetes mellitus among the adult population. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterized by uncontrolled blood sugar levels. The disease is defined by constantly elevated serum glucose caused by defective “insulin secretion and insulin resistance” (Galicia-Garcia et al., 2020)Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion​​​​​​. Diabetes Mellitus is a significant cause of disability and death in adults. In 2017, type 2 DM accounted for more than one million deaths globally (Khan et al., 2019). Currently, the condition causes a significant burden in developed and developing countries (Lin et al., 2020). Patients with diabetes are susceptible to acute and chronic complications. Most of these complications are life-threatening if not addressed urgently. These complications are also responsible for most hospital admissions. Besides the medical management of these complications, for curative and preventative purposes, other non-pharmacological interventions are used.

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This project aims to explore the potential benefits of implementing weekly self-management education among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing knowledge about the condition and enhancing self-care and self-efficacy through various evidence-based practices, exercise, and healthy eating. Additionally, patients who receive weekly health education sessions are more likely to follow through with treatment plans and take steps to improve their overall health. The PICOT question in this project will guide the search for relevant supporting evidence-based practices from published literatures.

Problem Statement

Overview of the Problem

Butt et al. (2022) argue that chronic hyperglycemia may lead to the destruction and dysfunction of vital body organs example the kidney, heart, and blood vessels and exposure to other lifestyle diseases such as obesity. The author, assessing the patient’s lifestyle and self-management during a clinic session in her facility, found that most patients lack adequate knowledge about DM and self-management. Some cited that they do not receive the information and support they need to manage the disease effectively. By identifying the knowledge and practice gaps among the patients, the author would implement comprehensive and systematic weekly self-management education to equip the patients with correct and adequate knowledge about DM, self-management, discipline, and proactive approaches to achieving glycemic control and decreasing complications. According to Le et al. (2021)Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion, most diabetic patients are unaware of diabetes complications and the measures to prevent them. Lack of knowledge contributes to poor self-management, poor disease outcomes, frequent hospitalizations, and readmissions because of complications. However, patient education about diet, exercise, and compliance to treatment can reduce the risk of complications.

Why the Problem is Worth Exploring

Diabetes is a significant cause of disability and death in adults. As stipulated by Khan et al. (2020), type 2 diabetes mellitus affects approximately 6.28% of the world’s population. It is responsible for approximately 1 million deaths annually. Shah et al. (2021) also noted that type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major cause of premature loss of life among adults of 34-65years in developing countries. Currently, the condition causes a significant burden in developed and developing countries (Lin et al., 2020)Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion.

In an interventional study by Mokabel et al. (2017), patients were enrolled in a diabetic educational program to assess its efficacy in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study’s findings showed that the patients exposed to the self-management educational program had positive outcomes such as reducing body mass index, improved serum glucose monitoring, dietary regimen, exercise, and behavior. They also reduce the need for hospitalization.

Conclusion

In conclusion, diabetic mellitus is a life-threatening medical condition, especially among adults worldwide. With the significant risk factors directly linked to lifestyle, it is a clarion call to health professionals to educate the masses on preventive measures while, on the other hand, stressing the need for better management practices and education among the already casualties. Doing so is an indirect mitigation measure against heart diseases, which are directly associated with diabetic mellitus Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion.

References

Galicia-Garcia, U., Benito-Vicente, A., Jebari, S., Larrea-Sebal, A., Siddiqi, H., Uribe, K. B., Ostolaza, H., & Martín, C. (2020). Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(17), 6275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176275

Khan, M., Hashim, M., King, J., Govender, R., Mustafa, H., & Al Kaabi, J. (2019). Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes – global burden of disease and forecasted trends. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 10(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.191028.001

Le, N., Turnbull, N., Van Dam, C., Khiewkhern, S., & Thiabrithi, S. (2021). Impact of knowledge, attitude, and practices of type 2 diabetic patients: A study in the locality in Vietnam. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 10(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_712_20

Lin, X., Xu, Y., Pan, X., Xu, J., Ding, Y., Sun, X., Song, X., Ren, Y., & Shan, P.-F. (2020). Global, regional, and national burden, and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: An analysis from 1990 to 2025. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71908-9

Mokabel, F., Aboulazm, S., Hassan, H., Al-Qahtani, M., Alrashedi, S., & Zainuddin, F. (2017). The efficacy of a diabetic educational program and predictors of compliance of patients with noninsulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus in al-khobar, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 24(3), 164. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_45_16 Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion

Shah, S. A., Karam, J. A., Zeb, A., Ullah, R., Shah, A., Haq, I., Ali, I., Darain, H., & Chen, H. (2021). Movement is improvement: The therapeutic effects of exercise and general physical activity on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Therapy, 12(3), 707–732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-021-01005-1

Assignment Prompt

This week’s assignment is STEP 2 – Project Purpose Statement, Background & Significance, and PICOt Formatted Clinical Project Question.

The student will answer the items below in a Word doc and submit them to the assignment link Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion

Provide a title that conveys or describes the assignment.
Project Purpose Statement – Provide a declarative sentence or two which summarizes the specific topic and goals of the project.
Background and Significance – State the importance of the problem and emphasize what is innovative about your proposed project. Discuss the potential impact of your project on your anticipated results for the betterment of health and/or health outcomes.
PICOt formatted Clinical Project Questions – Provide the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Expected Outcomes, and timeframe for the proposed project.
References – Cite references using APA 7th ed format.

Expectations
Your paper must have an Introduction and Conclusion
Length: 5-6 pages long at least
Format: Completed template with references in APA 7th ed. format, utilizing high-level scholarly peer-reviewed references in APA from within the last 5 years Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion

PICOT QUESTION/STATEMENT

My EBP change project proposal seeks to develop effective health education to improve outcomes of type 2 diabetes.

Population – adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Intervention – weekly self-management education sessions

Comparison – routine care (review of vital signs, weight, blood glucose, consulting clinician, medication pick up, scheduling of subsequent appointments)

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Outcome – glycemic control and reduced complications of type 2 diabetes

Time – three months

The PICOT question is: Among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P), does weekly self-management education (I), compared with routine care (C), result in improved self-care, glycemic control, and reduced complications (O) within three months (T)? Self-Management Education In Type 2 Diabetes Adult Patient Discussion