The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper

The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper

Lorraine is a 64-year-old African American female who has been monitoring her blood pressure at home. She brings a log of home readings with the following ranges: 150-222/102-88. Her blood pressure in the office today is 160/92. She has her BP monitor with her and the reading on the monitor is similar to today’s office reading. She states that she has swelling in both ankles at night, but the swelling usually resolves overnight. She wears compression hose at work as she is on her feet for most of her 10-hour shift. She has no comorbid conditions and no known allergies at present . Her mother and sister have hypertension and encouraged Lorraine to seek care The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper

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Initial treatment of an African American patient will be lifestyle changes and a diuretic. Choose a diuretic and discuss the mechanism of action, monitoring, and side effects. In addition, share a time when the use of this medication resulted in a positive or negative outcome in a patient for whom you were caring. Discuss evidence and treatment guidelines to determine appropriate therapeutic options for this patient. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include references using APA format The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper.

Diuretics are used to manage hypertension and edema by inducing the release of excess fluids from the body through urine. Thiazide diuretics work on the distal convoluted tubule preventing the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions. High doses of the medication can be used in the management of edema. According to Arumugham and Shahin (2021), thiazides are the first-line medication in hypertension management. Thiazides work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions back into the bloodstream and excreted through urine. They target the sodium and chloride co-transporters blocking the reabsorption of the sodium and chloride ions into the bloodstream. The sodium/chloride channels’ blockage increases sodium retention and water accumulation in the lumen, decreasing the sodium concentration in the distal convoluted tubule. However, blockage of Na/Cl channels leads to increased calcium reabsorption due to increased flow through the sodium/calcium channels The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper.

Thiazide diuretics can lead to adverse effects such as hypokalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypercalcemia. The negative effects of electrolyte imbalance triggered by thiazide administration require close monitoring. Besides, Akbari and Khorasani-Zadeh (2021) advocated for polypharmacy avoidance, especially in older patients. I have used thiazide diuretics on hypertension cases. One instance I recall was when I had a 55-year-old Caucasian male with a blood pressure of 164/98 and massive bilateral edema of the extremities. After a 50mg dose of hydrochlorothiazide, the edema was relieved, and the blood pressure dropped to 118/77 within 24 hours The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper.

Hydrochlorothiazide in hypertension requires low doses. A daily dose of 25mg is recommended, which can be raised to 50mg. However, increasing the dosage should be based on the patient’s therapeutic needs. In fluid build up and edema, hydrochlorothiazide dosing starts from 50mg to 100mg (Akbari & Khorasani-Zadeh, 2021). In light, 50mg hydrochlorothiazide will be administered to manage the patient’s hypertension and edema.

References

Akbari, P., & Khorasani-Zadeh, A. (2021). Thiazide diuretics. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.

Arumugham, V. B., & Shahin, M. H. (2021). Therapeutic Uses Of Diuretic Agents. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. The Diuretics In Hypertension Assignment Paper